Science and the Church of Jesus Christ

This article is a draft. FairMormon editors are currently editing it. We welcome your suggestions on improving the content.

Criticism

• Critics claim that Mormons believe that if there is a conflict between science and religion, that the science is incorrect.
• Critics claim that Mormonism reserves the right to identify scientific truth.

Source(s) of the criticism

• Simon Southerton, Losing a Lost Tribe: Native Americans, DNA, and the Mormon Church (Salt Lake City, UT: Signature Books, 2004) 135–136. ( Index of claims )

Response

Secular critics charge that Mormonism and science are incompatible. In fact, Dr. Simon Southerton, in his book Losing a Lost Tribe: Native Americans, DNA, and the Mormon Church devotes a full 66 pages to a section titled "The Troubled Interface between Mormonism and Science." Critics point out that elements found in the scriptures are incompatible with current scientific beliefs.

Issues of a perceived incompatibility between science and religion are hardly unique to Mormonism: These issues are shared by all other Christian denominations. The result of a failure to resolve scientific and religious contradictions in one's mind can bring into doubt one's very belief that there is a God. Complicating the issue for Latter-day Saint is the fact that living prophets have sometimes expressed their own views on scientific matters, thus causing some to doubt whether or not they could truly be prophets.

Faith versus knowledge

It is important to keep in mind the difference in purpose between science and the Gospel. The purpose of science is to examine the characteristics of the world around us in order to more fully understand it. A main purpose of Gospel is to teach us to develop faith. Unfortunately, the acquisition of scientific knowledge is sometimes perceived to destroy faith. The purpose of faith is to help us understand spiritual things, just as science helps us to understand physical things.

The exercise of faith sometimes seems to require a direct contradiction of what we "know" to to physically be true. C. Terry Warner, a professor of philosophy at Brigham Young University, expressed this issue well when he said:

Because they think of science as objectively testing its theories against evidence and because they suppose that knowledge and faith are somehow opposites, they regard faith as an attitude of clinging to theological beliefs in spite of any evidence which might be found: an attitude of closing one’s eyes to and stubbornly refusing to be swayed by the facts. Keep in mind that it is a misconception of science and knowledge that I am challenging, not science and knowledge themselves.^[1]

Faith sometimes allows to to perform tasks that are beyond the scientific knowledge of our time. The very definition of faith is that is must have to do with things that we cannot know in any other manner. The confirmation of this knowledge is supposed to come after we demonstrate faith.

And now, I, Moroni, would speak somewhat concerning these things; I would show unto the world that faith is things which are hoped for and not seen; wherefore, dispute not because ye see not, for ye receive no witness until after the trial of your faith. (Ether 12꞉6)

Once we have received a confirmation of our faith, it becomes knowledge. Consider the experience of the Brother of Jared:

And because of the knowledge of this man he could not be kept from beholding within the veil; and he saw the finger of Jesus, which, when he saw, he fell with fear; for he knew that it was the finger of the Lord; and he had faith no longer, for he knew, nothing doubting. (Ether 3꞉19)

The problem that arises when attempting to reconcile religion and science, therefore, is that we feel that we have acquired knowledge that sometimes appears to contradict what faith would require us to believe. This knowledge "short circuits" our attempt to exercise faith.

Specific scientific issues which concern Latter-day Saints

Biodiversity versus the flood of Noah

Main article: Global or local Flood

Common questions:

• Why is there is no scientific evidence of a worldwide flood?
• How can the scriptures and prophets teach of a worldwide flood, when this contradicts the evidence?
• The biodiversity of plants and animals on the earth could not have occurred within the span a few thousand years. Even BYU professors teach this. How do they maintain their belief in God?
• Did the continents separate during the flood of Noah? The scriptures imply that they did. How do we reconcile this to scientific fact?
• Didn't Orson Pratt teach the the Flood was the baptism of the Earth?

The story of the creation and the age of the Earth

Common questions:

• Do Mormons believe that the Earth only 6000 years old?

Dinosaurs

Main article: Dinosaurs

Common questions:

• How do dinosaurs fit into Gods plan?

Evolution and the origin of Man

Main article: Evolution

Common questions:

• How does the Church reconcile the theory of evolution with the story of Adam?
• How did the diversity of humanity occur within the short span of 6000 years?
• Were there people other than Adam on the earth before the Fall?

Archaeology and the Book of Mormon

Main article: Book of Mormon archaeology

Predestination

Main article: Free will and science

Burning in the bosom

Main article: Burning in the bosom

Questions:

• Isn't the "burning in the bosom" simply the result of an electro-chemical process that occurs in the brain?

Statements made by past prophets regarding science

Main article: Changing doctrine

• Didn't Brigham Young preach that the sun and the moon were inhabited?
• Didn't Joseph Field Smith declare that man would never leave this planet?

Genetics

Main article: Book of Mormon and DNA evidence

Conclusion

 ^{[needs work]}

Endnotes

1. [note] C. Terry Warner, "An Open Letter to Students: On Having Faith and Thinking for Yourself," New Era (Nov. 1971), 14.

Further reading

• Henry Eyring, Reflections of a Scientist, (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1983)

FAIR wiki articles

This article is a draft. FairMormon editors are currently editing it. We welcome your suggestions on improving the content.

Criticism

• Critics claim that Mormons believe that if there is a conflict between science and religion, that the science is incorrect.
• Critics claim that Mormonism reserves the right to identify scientific truth.

Source(s) of the criticism

• Simon Southerton, Losing a Lost Tribe: Native Americans, DNA, and the Mormon Church (Salt Lake City, UT: Signature Books, 2004) 135–136. ( Index of claims )

Response

Secular critics charge that Mormonism and science are incompatible. In fact, Dr. Simon Southerton, in his book Losing a Lost Tribe: Native Americans, DNA, and the Mormon Church devotes a full 66 pages to a section titled "The Troubled Interface between Mormonism and Science." Critics point out that elements found in the scriptures are incompatible with current scientific beliefs.

Issues of a perceived incompatibility between science and religion are hardly unique to Mormonism: These issues are shared by all other Christian denominations. The result of a failure to resolve scientific and religious contradictions in one's mind can bring into doubt one's very belief that there is a God. Complicating the issue for Latter-day Saint is the fact that living prophets have sometimes expressed their own views on scientific matters, thus causing some to doubt whether or not they could truly be prophets.

Faith versus knowledge

It is important to keep in mind the difference in purpose between science and the Gospel. The purpose of science is to examine the characteristics of the world around us in order to more fully understand it. A main purpose of Gospel is to teach us to develop faith. Unfortunately, the acquisition of scientific knowledge is sometimes perceived to destroy faith. The purpose of faith is to help us understand spiritual things, just as science helps us to understand physical things.

The exercise of faith sometimes seems to require a direct contradiction of what we "know" to to physically be true. C. Terry Warner, a professor of philosophy at Brigham Young University, expressed this issue well when he said:

Because they think of science as objectively testing its theories against evidence and because they suppose that knowledge and faith are somehow opposites, they regard faith as an attitude of clinging to theological beliefs in spite of any evidence which might be found: an attitude of closing one’s eyes to and stubbornly refusing to be swayed by the facts. Keep in mind that it is a misconception of science and knowledge that I am challenging, not science and knowledge themselves.^[2]

Faith sometimes allows to to perform tasks that are beyond the scientific knowledge of our time. The very definition of faith is that is must have to do with things that we cannot know in any other manner. The confirmation of this knowledge is supposed to come after we demonstrate faith.

And now, I, Moroni, would speak somewhat concerning these things; I would show unto the world that faith is things which are hoped for and not seen; wherefore, dispute not because ye see not, for ye receive no witness until after the trial of your faith. (Ether 12꞉6)

Once we have received a confirmation of our faith, it becomes knowledge. Consider the experience of the Brother of Jared:

And because of the knowledge of this man he could not be kept from beholding within the veil; and he saw the finger of Jesus, which, when he saw, he fell with fear; for he knew that it was the finger of the Lord; and he had faith no longer, for he knew, nothing doubting. (Ether 3꞉19)

The problem that arises when attempting to reconcile religion and science, therefore, is that we feel that we have acquired knowledge that sometimes appears to contradict what faith would require us to believe. This knowledge "short circuits" our attempt to exercise faith.

Specific scientific issues which concern Latter-day Saints

Biodiversity versus the flood of Noah

Main article: Global or local Flood

Common questions:

• Why is there is no scientific evidence of a worldwide flood?
• How can the scriptures and prophets teach of a worldwide flood, when this contradicts the evidence?
• The biodiversity of plants and animals on the earth could not have occurred within the span a few thousand years. Even BYU professors teach this. How do they maintain their belief in God?
• Did the continents separate during the flood of Noah? The scriptures imply that they did. How do we reconcile this to scientific fact?
• Didn't Orson Pratt teach the the Flood was the baptism of the Earth?

The story of the creation and the age of the Earth

Common questions:

• Do Mormons believe that the Earth only 6000 years old?

Dinosaurs

Main article: Dinosaurs

Common questions:

• How do dinosaurs fit into Gods plan?

Evolution and the origin of Man

Main article: Evolution

Common questions:

• How does the Church reconcile the theory of evolution with the story of Adam?
• How did the diversity of humanity occur within the short span of 6000 years?
• Were there people other than Adam on the earth before the Fall?

Archaeology and the Book of Mormon

Main article: Book of Mormon archaeology

Predestination

Main article: Free will and science

Burning in the bosom

Main article: Burning in the bosom

Questions:

• Isn't the "burning in the bosom" simply the result of an electro-chemical process that occurs in the brain?

Statements made by past prophets regarding science

Main article: Changing doctrine

• Didn't Brigham Young preach that the sun and the moon were inhabited?
• Didn't Joseph Field Smith declare that man would never leave this planet?

Genetics

Main article: Book of Mormon and DNA evidence

Conclusion

 ^{[needs work]}

Endnotes

1. [note] C. Terry Warner, "An Open Letter to Students: On Having Faith and Thinking for Yourself," New Era (Nov. 1971), 14.

Further reading

• Henry Eyring, Reflections of a Scientist, (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1983)

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