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Mormonism and priesthood/Non-transferable: Difference between revisions

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#REDIRECT [[Question: Was the priesthood held by Jesus priesthood not 'transferable' to members of the Church?]]
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==Criticism==
 
Critics claim that only Jesus held the priesthood, and that such priesthood was not 'transferable' to members of the Church.
 
===Source(s) of the Criticism===
{{SearchForTheTruthDVD}}
*Walter Martin, ''The Maze of Mormonism''
 
==Response==
 
One of the things that people who are opposed to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints criticize us for is our belief in the Priesthood. Latter-day Saints believe the Priesthood is the authority God has given man to perform the ordinances (e.g. baptism, sacrament, sealing, etc.) that Jesus has declared to be necessary, in order that the atonement may have full effect in our lives.
 
Our critics oppose the Priesthood, claiming it does not exist among mortals, as Jesus Christ is the only one with the Priesthood.  Unfortunately for them, the Bible contradicts them.
 
===Why the opposition to priesthood?===
It is understandable that creedal Christians desperately need the priesthood, as understood by Latter-day Saints, to be non-existent today. The whole idea of authority, direct from God, being necessary for the saving ordinances of mankind, completely undermines and destroys the traditionally accepted doctrine that one is "saved by faith alone." It also completely destroys their own claims to authority, since they are the result of a break-off from the Roman Catholic faith.
 
If the Catholics did not have the priesthood authority, then the Protestants cannot have taken it with them.  Hence, they are anxious to claim a "priesthood of all believers," or claim priesthood isn't needed at all.
 
If the Catholics ''did'' have the authority, then Protestants were wrong to leave in the first place.
 
===Jesus Christ establishes His Church===
 
When Christ was on the earth during His mortal ministry, He set up aspecific organization (called the Church).
Does it make sense that if Jesus Christ organized a Church, that the true Church would have the same positions today? What are some of the offices or positions in the church Christ established?
 
:For they that have used the office of ''a deacon'' well purchase to themselves a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.({{s|1|Timothy|3|13}}){{ea}}
 
:Is any sick among you? Let him call for ''the elders'' of the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord:({{s||James|5|14}}){{ea}}
 
:''11 And he [Jesus Christ]gave some, apostles; (12) and some, prophets;
 
(12 Apostles collectively, and the one leading the church with his counselors -- Peter, James, and John)
 
:''and some, evangelists;'' (Patriarchs) and some, pastors (Bishop, Stake President) and teachers;
 
* ''12 For the perfecting''
 
("Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect." Matthew 5:48)
 
*''of the saints
 
(the members of the Church -- interesting that they are called Saints, just as we are called Latter-day Saints today.),
 
*''for the work of the ministry
 
(The administration and performing the ordinances of the Church),
 
*''for the edifying of the body of Christ: 13 Till we all come in the unity of the faith
 
(Even though all Christians claim to believe in Christ, and the Bible, there certainly is no unity of faith or doctrine, therefore these offices are still needed.)
 
*''and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ:  
 
(unto a perfect man—NOT some incomprehensible being as the creeds declare.)
 
*''14 That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine
 
(The creeds came by councils of men, not a singular pronouncement of revelation by a prophet of God, as all other scripturally based doctrines are. The creeds directly contradict scripture. The creeds are not declared to be scripture. The creeds have not been declared to have been given by revelation. The creeds came about by political power struggles. Hence, the creeds are a wind of doctrine.),
 
*''by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive;''({{s||Ephesians|4|11-14}}){{ea}}
 
===Priesthood authority from God===
 
So how can we tell true teachers? First, they will have authority (priesthood) directly from God. Christ was given the priesthood authority from God the Father.
 
: For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given to the Son
to have life in himself; 27 And ''hath given him authority'' to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man. ({{s||John|5|26-27}}.){{ea}}
 
The works that Christ performed were by this priesthood authority:
 
:And they were all amazed, insomuch that they questioned among themselves, saying, What thing is this? what new doctrine is this? for with authority commandeth he even the unclean spirits, and they do obey him. ({{s||Mark|1|27}}){{ea}}
 
Christ passed on this very same authority to His apostles.
Luke 9:1-2
:1 THEN he called his twelve disciples together, and ''gave them power and authority'' over all devils, and to cure diseases.  2 And he sent them to preach the kingdom of God, and to heal the sick. ({{s||Luke|9|1-2}}){{ea}}
This authority is necessary in order to preach the gospel.
:And he ''ordained twelve'', that they should be with him, and that he might send them forth to preach ({{s||Mark|3|14}}){{ea}}
:Beginning from the baptism of John, unto that same day that he was taken up from us, must one be ''ordained'' to be a witness with us of his resurrection. ({{s||Acts|1|22}}){{ea}}
:Whereunto I am ordained a preacher, and an apostle, (I speak the truth in Christ, and lie not;) a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and verity. ({{s|1|Timothy|2|7}}){{ea}}
 
The apostles ordained others with this authority:
 
For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting, and ''ordain elders in every city, as I had appointed thee''...{{{s||Titus|1|5}}){{ea}}
:And when they had ''ordained them elders'' in every church, and had prayed with fasting, they commended them to the Lord, on whom they believed.({{s||Acts|14|23}}){{ea}}
This authority was passed directly from God the Father, to Jesus Christ, to the Apostles, to the Elders, and to others. It was a priesthood which any worthy man could have, if called. It was also necessary for the stablishment of the Church. Christ left this priesthood authority on he earth when He left, so that the Church could still function.
 
Mark 13:34
:For the Son of man is as a man taking a far journey, who left his house, and ''gave authority to his servants'', and to every man his work, and commanded the porter to watch.({{s||Mark|13|34}}) {{ea}}
In fact, the church would be known as the true church because of the priesthood, for so the church is described in scripture.
 
This priesthood authority is sacred and cannot be bought.
:18 And when Simon saw that through laying on of the apostles' hands the Holy Ghost was given, he offered them money, 19 Saying, Give me also this power, that on whomsoever I lay hands, he
may receive the Holy Ghost. 20 But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee, because thou
hast thought that the gift of God may be purchased with money.({{s||Acts|8|18-20}}) {{ea}}
We cannot choose this priesthood authority for ourselves.
 
:Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give it you.({{s||John|15|16}}) {{ea}}
 
===How to obtain the priesthood===
 
As shown above, you can't buy it, you can't take it upon yourself, and you can't choose for yourself to have it. So how can we obtain the priesthood?
:And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. ({{s||Hebrews|5|4}})
How was Aaron called? He was called by Moses—as God instructed Moses—in other words, Aaron did not decide to accept this for himself, but was called by Moses, who was instructed by the Lord, who has authority over him.
 
:13 And thou shalt put upon Aaron the holy garments, and anoint him, and sanctify him; that he may minister unto me in the priest's office. 14 And thou shalt bring his sons, and clothe them with coats: 15 And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations. 16 Thus did Moses: according to all that the LORD commanded him, so did he. ({{s||Exodus 40:13-16}})
 
===An "unchangeable" Priesthood?===
 
Most critics of the LDS Church rest most of their argument against the LDS doctrine of priesthood on {{s||Hebrews|7|24}}:
 
:But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an ''unchangeable'' priesthood.{{ea}}
 
The critics of the LDS Church interpret the word "unchangeable" as meaning non-transferable. Therefore, they say, the Priesthood that Christ held (the Melchizedek Priesthood) could not be
transferred to anyone. In fact, a look at Strong's would indicate this is true:
 
:unchangable -- ''aparabatos'' {ap-ar-ab'-at-os}
:1) unviolated, not to be violated, inviolable, unchangeable and therefore not liable to pass to a successor{{nc}}
 
But is this the correct interpretation? If so, there is a glaring contradiction within this very chapter, for verse twelve says the priesthood has changed:
 
:For the priesthood ''being changed'', there is made of necessity ''a change'' also of the law.({{s||Hebrews|7|12}}) {{ea}}
 
Either the priesthood is transferable (changeable), from Christ to others, or it is not. Which verse are we to believe? Let's take a closer look at this "unchangeable" priesthood in {{s||Hebrews|7|11-24}}:
 
* 11 If therefore perfection were by the Levitical (Aaronic) priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,)
 
(under the Aaronic priesthood, the people received the law of Moses -- an eye for an eye)
 
* what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?
 
(Those that hold the authority of the higher, or Melchizedek Priesthood, also hold the authority of the lessor, or the Aaronic Priesthood)
 
* 12 For the priesthood being changed,
 
(Here is a glaring contradiction to what the critics claim, for it clearly says the priesthood "changed." Let's continue to examine just what changed, and what the term means in
context.)
 
* there is made of necessity a change also of the law.
 
(The Law of Moses changed, not the priesthood. In other words, when Christ came, he gave a higher law. For example, the law was no longer an "eye for an eye," it was "turn the other cheek." Along with this higher law, came a higher priesthood, which is what is meant by "changed.")
 
* 13 For he of whom these things are spoken pertaineth to another tribe, of which no man gave attendance at the altar.  14 For it is evident that our Lord sprang out of Juda; of which tribe
Moses spake nothing concerning priesthood.
 
(Moses did not speak about the Melchizedek Priesthood and the higher law, which the Lord had, but he did speak of the Aaronic Priesthood, or the lower law.)
 
* 15 And it is yet far more evident: for that after the similitude of Melchisedec there ariseth another priest,
 
(This priest is Jesus Christ)
 
* 16 Who is made, not after the law of a carnal commandment,
 
(The Law of Moses—An Eye for an Eye)
 
* but after the power of an endless life.
 
(The higher law, which Christ brought, which will lead us to eternal life.)
 
* 17 For he testifieth, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
 
(Christ, and the priesthood authority He holds -- the Melchizedek Priesthood -- is eternal -- without end.)
 
* 18 For there is verily a disannulling of the commandment going before for the weakness and unprofitableness thereof.
 
(The Law of Moses was abolished with the institution of the higher Law brought by Christ.)
 
* 19 For the law [Mosaic Law] made nothing perfect
 
(We could not become perfect as our Father in Heaven commanded us to be by obedience to the
Mosaic Law, for it does not contain the authority for the saving ordinances of salvation—the "keys" to bind in heaven and on earth, or in today's terminology, temple ordinances)
 
* but the bringing in of a better hope did;
 
(A better hope, or a higher law, which brought the authority for the saving ordinances)
 
* by the which we draw nigh unto God.
 
(It is through this higher law, by partaking of the temple ordinances, that we can "draw nigh" unto God, or become like Him, which is to "be perfect" {as God is perfect} as He commanded us—Matthew 5:48.)
 
* 20 And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest:
 
(This is in reference to the oath and covenant of the priesthood.)
 
* 21 (For those priests
 
(The priests of the Aaronic, or Levitical, priesthood)
 
* were made without an oath;
 
(The Aaronic, or lessor, priesthood, does not require an oath or covenant.)
 
* but this [This = Higher, or Melchizedek Priesthood] with an oath
 
:''"When a priesthood holder takes upon himself the Melchizedek Priesthood, he does so by oath
and covenant. This is not so with the Aaronic Priesthood. The covenant of the Melchizedek Priesthood is that a priesthood holder will magnify his calling in the priesthood, will give diligent heed to the commandments of God, and will live by every word which proceeds "from
the mouth of God" (see D&C 84:33-44). The oath of the Melchizedek Priesthood is an irrevocable promise by God to faithful priesthood holders. "All that my Father hath shall be given unto them" (see{{s||DC|84|38}}). This oath by Deity, coupled with the covenant by faithful priesthood holders, is referred to as the oath and covenant of the priesthood."''{{ref|benson1}}
 
* by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)
 
(The Melchizedek Priesthood is eternal)
 
* 22 By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament.  23 And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death:  24 But this man (Jesus Christ), because he continueth ever, (Eternal) hath an unchangeable (Eternal) priesthood.
 
(In context, this verse (24) that critics use to try to argue against the priesthood, is saying that since Jesus Christ is eternal, so is the authority He has. It is this same authority that Christ passed on to his Apostles, and they, passed on to others in the Church.)
 
:''This explanation should make it plain that the law, or schoolmaster (see Galatians 3:24), to lead the people unto Christ was administered by the Aaronic, or Levitical, Priesthood. However, perfection cannot be obtained through this priesthood alone, as Paul explained. Therefore, it was necessary for the Lord to send another priest after the order of Melchizedek. The priesthood thus being changed, there was "of necessity a change also of the law."''{{ref|richards1}}
 
The fulness of the gospel of Jesus Christ, therefore, was introduced by him to take the place of the law of Moses.
 
In a review of Walter Martin's book, ''The Maze of Mormonism'', in which Martin bases his argument against the Melchizedek Priesthood on the interpretation of "unchangeable" being "non-transferable, Richard Lloyd Anderson informs us that:
 
:Instead of treating descriptions in the Acts or Pastoral Letters concerning the bestowal of apostolic authority on others, Martin prefers to base his case on a dubious translation of Hebrews 7:24, maintaining that Christ's priesthood is "untransferable." But his vintage 1889 citation from Thayer's lexicon for this use is squarely contradicted by the best authorities in the field. The lexicon of Arndt-Gingrich (in agreement with Moulton-Milligan) gives more than a dozen secular uses of the period to show that the term in question (''aparabatos'') "rather has
the sense permanent, unchangeable." The point of the passage is not that Christ's priesthood cannot be transferred, but that it permanently remains superior, as does he, to all other authority.{{ref|byus1}}
 
So we see that it is incorrect to interpret "unchangeable" as "nontransferable" as further evidence also suggests.
 
===Additional evidence===
 
:The rather late Christian understanding that Jesus would be the last High Priest of the Melchizedek order (see Hebrew 7:24, marginal reading no. 5 in most King James Version translations) is based on an erroneous interpretation of the Greek word aparabaton which does not mean "intransmissible" but means "unchangeable" when referring to Jesus' priesthood.{{ref|brown1}}
 
Encyclopedia of Mormonism, Vol.2, HEBREWS, EPISTLE TO THE
:God's promises to Abraham are extended to all who come unto Christ: Jesus was a priest after the order of Melchizedek, who was the priest who blessed Abraham, in whose loins was Levi. The superiority of Christ's Melchizedek Priesthood over the Levitical priesthood and the Law of Moses is developed in chapter 7. Melchizedek was a type of Christ. His priesthood was more enduring than the Levitical priesthood, which was limited to blood lines and was not given with an oath and whose priests did not continue because of death and needed daily renewal (Heb. 7:3, 21, 23, 27). The Melchizedek order of priesthood, however, was directed by Jesus Christ, who, unlike the high priest under the Law of Moses on the annual Day of Atonement (Lev. 16:4), did not need to "offer sacrifice for his own sins, for he knew no sins" (JST Heb. 7:26). His priesthood was ''aparabatos''meaning "permanent, unchangeable, and incomparable" (Heb. 7:24). No other priesthood will succeed it. It will be the permanent power of salvation and eternal lives within Christ's church forever more (see {{TPJS1|start=166, 322}}).{{ref|eom1}}
 
 
===Modern Bible translations===
 
More modern versions of the Bible agree with this interpretation.
;Hebrews 7:24 (NIV)
:but because Jesus lives forever, he has a ''permanent'' priesthood. (emphasis added)
;Hebrews 7:24 (NASB)
:but Jesus, on the other hand, because He continues forever, holds His priesthood ''permanently''. (emphasis added)
;Hebrews 7:24 (RSV)
:but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues for ever. (emphasis added)
 
The critics' interpretation of "unchangeable" to mean "non-transferable" does not stand up to scripture, correct doctrine, Biblical scholarship, terminology, or truth.
 
===From whence comes your authority?===
 
Finally, the question must be asked of anyone who claims to preach the gospel and proclaim its doctrines, where do you get your authority to speak and act in the name of God? Many people claim that they receive their authority from the Bible. However, that cannot be, for the Bible has no priesthood authority, it is a book and cannot perform any ordinance, it cannot choose you as it cannot make decisions, nor can it ordain you as it can not perform any actions. Seminaries and Universities have no priesthood authority, for their purpose is to grant educational degrees, whose requirements are developed and designed by men. Priesthood Authority comes only from God.
 
:LET every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.{{{s||Romans|13|1}})
 
==Conclusion==
There is much more about the priesthood that is contained in the scriptures. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints observes all the Biblical principles taught about priesthood, including:
 
# That the Priesthood is the authority for man to act in God's name.
# The priesthood is given directly from God, though Jesus Christ.
# That Christ was not the only one to have the higher priesthood.
# Christ ordained the 12 Apostles with the priesthood.
# The Apostles ordained others with the priesthood.
# The church is identified as having the priesthood.
# The priesthood is necessary to act in God's name.
 
==Endnotes==
#{{note|benson1}} {{TETB1|start=223}}
#{{note|richards1}} LeGrand Richards, ''A Marvelous Work and a Wonder'', Ch.9, p.84
#{{note|byus1}} {{BYUS1|author=Richard Lloyd Anderson|start=60|num=1|vol=6|date=NEEDED|article=NEEDED}}{{nc}}{{nl}}
#{{note|brown1}} {{BYUS1|author=S. Kent Brown|start=56|start=56|vol=23|num=1|article=NEED|date=NEED}}{{nc}}{{nl}}
#{{note|eom1}} {{EoM1|vol=2|article=Epistle to the Hebrews|author=???}}{{nl}}{{nc}}
==Further reading==
 
===FAIR wiki articles===
{{ApostasyWiki}}
{{PriesthoodWiki}}
 
===FAIR web site===
{{ApostasyFAIR}}
{{PriesthoodFAIR}}
 
===External links===
{{ApostasyLinks}}
{{PriesthoodLinks}}
 
===Printed material===
{{ApostasyPrint}}
{{PriesthoodPrint}}

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